In the field of CNC precision metal, surface quality has a critical impact on the performance, appearance and service life of the product, and post-processing technology is an important link to further optimize the surface quality.
First of all, the cutting parameters in the CNC machining process play a fundamental role in the surface quality. The reasonable selection of cutting speed, feed rate and cutting depth can effectively reduce the surface roughness. For example, appropriately increasing the cutting speed can reduce the cutting force, reduce the friction and extrusion between the tool and the workpiece surface, and make the machined surface smoother. However, too high a cutting speed may cause increased tool wear and affect the machining accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the cutting parameters through a large number of experiments and simulations according to the type and characteristics of the metal material, control the surface roughness within the minimum range, and lay a good foundation for the subsequent post-processing process.
Secondly, the selection and use of tools should not be ignored. Tools of different materials and geometric shapes will produce different surface effects when machining precision metals. For example, coated carbide tools or diamond tools have better sharpness and wear resistance, and can obtain smaller cutting forces and better surface quality during machining. At the same time, the cutting edge radius, rake angle and back angle of the tool also need to be precisely adjusted according to the processing requirements to ensure that the metal material can be smoothly removed during the cutting process and reduce surface tearing and scratches.
In addition, the post-processing process is crucial to improving the surface quality. Common post-processing processes include grinding, polishing and passivation. The grinding process can remove the excess of the machined surface, further reduce the surface roughness, and improve the surface flatness and verticality. Polishing is to use tools and materials such as polishing wheels and polishing pastes to finely grind and wipe the metal surface to achieve a mirror effect and meet the needs of products with high appearance requirements. Passivation treatment can form a protective film on the metal surface to enhance the corrosion resistance of the metal, while also improving the surface micromorphology and reducing surface defects.
Finally, quality control and detection methods are indispensable in the entire CNC precision metal process. Use equipment such as roughness meters and profile meters to monitor the machined surface in real time and adjust the processing parameters and post-processing processes in a timely manner. At the same time, a complete quality management system is established to ensure that each processing link is strictly carried out in accordance with the standards, thereby steadily improving the surface quality of CNC precision metal, meeting the stringent requirements of high-end fields such as aerospace, electronics, and medical equipment for precision metal parts, and promoting technological progress and development in related industries.
